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{version = 2.39; (* of dirty, 1994 sep 5}
(* begin module describe.dirty *)
(*
name
dirty: calculate probabilities for dirty DNA synthesis
synopsis
dirty(dirtyp: in, distribition: out, xyin: out, output: out)
files
dirtyp: parameter file.
one line giving the number of random bases that will be used (r).
one line giving the average number of changes desired (n)
distribution: the distribution of numbers of changes at the
peak for n
xyin: Graphics output of the program. The input to xyplo for plotting.
The graph gives three curves against the independent variable p,
which is the probability of getting the correct base and randoms
is the number of random bases:
o = probability of only one base changed, as randoms (1-p)p^(randoms-1)
m = probability of one or more bases changed: 1 - p^randoms
n = probability of n bases changed
I have not found this output to be too useful; I concentrate
on the distribution file.
output: messages to the user
description
If one is designing a randomized ("dirty") DNA synthesis, how
heavily should it be randomized? To use this program, pick the size
of the region you want to randomize, r. Then make a guess at the
average number of changes you want over the region, n. Put r and n
into dirtyp and run the program. Look at the distribution file.
the line for n=0 is the frequency that you will get back the
original sequence. You must chose whether this is tolerable. For
example, when I synthesized the T7 promoters, I knew that I could
find at least 1 promoter in 100 clones by toothpicking, and I was
willing to toothpick thousands. This way I was sure to get some
positives, even if they were the original sequence. (As it turned
out, the frequency of functional promoters was much higher than
1%.) If you have a strong selection, you could make this a small
number, by increasing the number of changes per clone. With more
changes per clone you will get more data from the randomization, so
make it as high as you can tolerate.
The program calculates the ratio of bases to random bases. In the
experiment described in the NAR paper, the technician put 4 drops of
the appropriate base with 1 drop of the equiprobable mix. This made
the dirty bottle.
example
This is the analysis used in the NAR paper. With the dirtyp file containing:
27 the number of random bases that will be used.
4 the number of changes desired (n)
the distribution file is:
* dirty 2.38
* distribution of number of changes calculated from binomial
* 27 random positions
* 4 average number of bases changed
* p = probability of correct base = 0.85185185
* fraction of [base] : 0.80246914
* fraction of [random n] : 0.19753086
*
* ratio of [base] to [random N]: 4.06250000
*
* TO DO THE SYNTHESIS,
* add one part of an equimolar mixture of the 4 bases
* to 4.06250000 parts of the "wild type" base
*
* In the following table,
* n = number of changes
* f = frequency of n changes
* s = running sum of frequencies f (should approach 1.0)
* In the first row, where n=0, f is the frequency of wild type sequences
*
n = 0 f = 0.01317741 s = 0.01317741
n = 1 f = 0.06187652 s = 0.07505392
n = 2 f = 0.13989473 s = 0.21494866
n = 3 f = 0.20274599 s = 0.41769465
n = 4 f = 0.21156103 s = 0.62925568
n = 5 f = 0.16924883 s = 0.79850451
n = 6 f = 0.10792679 s = 0.90643130
n = 7 f = 0.05630963 s = 0.96274093
n = 8 f = 0.02448245 s = 0.98722338
n = 9 f = 0.00898872 s = 0.99621210
n =10 f = 0.00281386 s = 0.99902596
n =11 f = 0.00075629 s = 0.99978226
n =12 f = 0.00017537 s = 0.99995763
n =13 f = 0.00003519 s = 0.99999282
n =14 f = 0.00000612 s = 0.99999894
n =15 f = 0.00000092 s = 0.99999986
n =16 f = 0.00000012 s = 0.99999999
n =17 f = 0.00000001 s = 1.00000000
n =18 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
n =19 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
n =20 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
n =21 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
n =22 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
n =23 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
n =24 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
n =25 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
n =26 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
n =27 f = 0.00000000 s = 1.00000000
see also
xyplo.p
documentation
@articleSchneider1989,
author = "T. D. Schneider and G. D. Stormo",
title = "Excess Information at Bacteriophage T7 Genomic Promoters
Detected by a Random Cloning Technique",
year = "1989",
journal = "Nucleic Acids Research",
volume = "17",
pages = "659-674"
author
Tom Schneider
Frederick, Maryland
toms@alum.mit.edu
bugs
n must be an integer
*)
(* end module describe.dirty *)
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